Glibenclamide

Also Known As: Glibenclamide , Diabeta, Glibenclamide, Glyburide, Daonil, Euglucon, Glynase

Glibenclamide (INN), also known as glyburide (USAN), is an antidiabetic drug in a class of medications known as sulfonylureas, closely related to sulfa drugs. It was developed in 1966 in a cooperative study between Boehringer Mannheim (now part of Roche) and Hoechst (now part of Sanofi-Aventis).

It is sold in doses of 1.25 mg, 2.5 mg and 5 mg, under the trade names Diabeta, Glynase and Micronase in the United States and Daonil, Semi-Daonil and Euglucon in the United Kingdom and Delmide in India.

It is also sold in combination with metformin under the trade names Glucovance and Glibomet.

It is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. As of 2007, it is one of only two oral antidiabetics in the World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines (the other being metformin).[2] As of 2003, in the United States, it was the most popular sulfonylurea.[3]

Additionally, recent research shows that glyburide improves outcome in animal stroke models by preventing brain swelling. A retrospective study showed that in type 2 diabetic patients already taking glyburide, NIH stroke scale scores on were improved on discharge compared to diabetic patients not taking glyburide.

The drug works by inhibiting ATP-sensitive potassium channels[5] in pancreatic beta cells. This inhibition causes cell membrane depolarization opening voltage-dependent calcium channel. This results in an increase in intracellular calcium in the beta cell and subsequent stimulation of insulin release.

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